Alcohol Use during Pregnancy Linked to Hyperactivity in Children

Most women understand that drinking alcohol during pregnancy can cause physical and mental birth defects. Multiple studies indicate women who drink three or more glasses of alcohol at any one occasion in early pregnancy increase the child’s risk of developing alcohol disorders by 21 years of age (JAMA and Archives Journal, 2006; British Medical Journal, 2005) and is also linked to higher incidents of hyperactivity I children (British Medical Journal, 2005).Conversely, the National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) reveals that â€Å"data on the relationship between FAS and hyperactivity are inconsistent† (Jacobson & Jacobson, 2003).Studies conducted by the NIAAA, indicate hyperactivity of clinic–referred patients â€Å"may have been caused by social and environmental factors, such as co–occurring attachment disorders, anxiety, and post–traumatic stress disorder† (2003, Hyperactivity and Attention, para 3).Fetal Alcohol Syndrom e (FAS) was first identified in 1973 has reached new levels in terms of research and relevance to other birth defects (Locke-Wellman et al, 2000), including the hypothesis that â€Å"alcohol consumption in doses not generally associated with alcohol problems can produce a variety of neurocognitive deficits in the absence of effects on growth and morphology† and â€Å"appear to have a continuum of neurobehavioral morphological and developmental effects† (e.g. hyperactivity), (Locke-Wellman et al.,2000,p. 661).Understanding HyperactivityThe National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) defines hyperactivity –as applies to this report- as Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which is a neurobehavioral disorder affecting 3-5 percent of all American children (Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder Association, 2007). ADHD interferes with an individual’s ability to focus (stay on a task) and to exercise age-appropriate inhibition (cognitive alone or both cognitive and behavioral) (NINDS, 2007).Warning signs include what may appear as ignoring verbal instructions, lack of organization (personal and school work), fidgetiness, excessive talking, inability to finish chores and homework, and problems paying attention to and responding to details (NINDS, 2007;Attention Deficit Disorder Association, n.d.). While hyperactivity at any level is most common in the younger years up to the early teens, there are many whose condition continued into the adult years (Ibid).Research Supports Alcohol’s Link to HyperactivityMore than 20 years ago, studies first revealed alcohol use during pregnancy as a valid link to hyperactivity. In effect, children who were administered the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Aged Children (KSADS) who showed signs of hyperactivity were born to mothers who admit to drinking during pregnancy (Coles et al., 1997; Chambers et al., 1985).In 1989, Archer et al. i ndicated a need to study specific factors (e.g. dietary sensitivities and fetal alcohol damage) that may be important for subgroups of hyperactive children. However, the authors add that this findings are â€Å"unlikely to account for the syndrome as a whole† (Archer et al.,1989, p. 18).When covering substance use and abuse, Archer et al. (1986, 1989) reported on an earlier study by Weiss et al (1979), explaining that follow-up findings on substance use and abuse (both alcohol and other compounds) have not been consistent, of which Jacobson’s theory (2003) supports citing that potential reasons for these inconsistencies includes differences in geographic study locations, the birth years of subjects, attrition rates, data collection procedures, definitions of use and abuse, and varying degrees of co-morbidity (e.g., ADHD symptoms and conduct problems) across studies (Archer et al, 1986, 1989).Conduct problems in the early adolescence of hyperactive children have been co nsistent in most studies, of which Weiss et al (1979) reported that â€Å"at [the] follow-up mean age 13 years, 25 percent of formerly hyperactive subjects showed a history of antisocial behavior, 16 percent were referred to juvenile court, and 3 percent (2 of 64 subjects) were placed in a reform school†¦teachers reported that hyperactives exhibited more conduct problems than controls† (p. 1350).Ackerman et al (1986) acknowledges the findings of Weiss et al. (1979) citing that when comparing hyperactive, hypoactive, and normoactive learning-disabled boys and controls in a 4-year follow-up (mean age 14 years) the results indicated a three to sixteen fold increase in comparatively serious behavioral problems (e.g. breaking and entering, aggressive acts in school, and serious incorrigibility) in the hyperactive group (Ackerman et al., 1986; Weiss et al, 1986).However, all studies reveal that the outcome in late adolescence and young adulthood is less clear.

Elements of Democracy and Constitutionalism Essay

The 16th president of the United States of America explained it succinctly. Democracy, that is. Democracy is a government system adopted by many nations. It is perhaps one of the oldest forms of political rule, one that transcends over time.. Democracy and constitution are just two of the numerous theories that origin in Greece, one of the oldest cradles of civilization. Democracy takes its root from the Greek word which means rule by the people (Johnston, 1987). It is different from other types of government system such as dictatorship or totalitarian (1987). Democracy occurs when people choose its government, or those who will lead them. Democracy dates back to prehistoric times. Some anthropologists, for instance, have unearthed democracy in tribes (1987). It is called â€Å"primitive democracy† wherein a tribal council rules a certain tribe (1987). The council is usually composed of families and clans (1987). The Iroquois Confederacy, which ruled some parts of the United States, is another example of democratic institution (1987). It is even said that the Confederacy contributed to the creation of the US constitution (Cook, 2000). Democracy has several political, economic and social characteristics. One of its vital political characteristic is that men are equal before the law, meaning everyone is entitled to equal right, to participate in all political decisions (Johnston, 1987). Each has the right to vote or choose. During the Athenian government, adult male citizens convened to address public issues. As democracy continued to become popular, especially in Europe and America, the right to vote was adopted, but was limited to male land owners (1987). It was only during the 20th century, wherein women in nations practicing democracy were given the right to suffrage (1987). Another prominent element in democracy is freedom of expression. This pertains to the liberty to express one’s self through speech, press and assembly (Johnston, 1987). Through freedom of expression, views on certain issues would be addressed. The English, French, and American revolutions were geared towards achieving freedom of expression (1987). Basic to democracy is the idea of majority rule. In a democratic nation, a consensus should be achieved. While the majority is generally followed, minority rights are also taken in consideration (Johnston, 1987). The minority’s purpose is not to contest the majority but to give alternatives (1987). Furthermore, one economic characteristic of a democracy is to have equality not just in political areas but in economic as well. Democratic nations have labor unions to address the welfare of the workers (Johnston, 1987). Some countries like the United States passed laws on regulating employment-related issues such as wages and Social Security (1987). Likewise, democracy affects the social distinctions of a nation. Democracy curtails differences on sex, wealth, birth, race and religion (Johnston, 1987). The 14th Amendment to the United States, for example, states that a citizen must be granted all rights (1987). In Greece where the term democracy derived, democracy arose when the middle class comprising merchants, started to gain power (Johnston, 1987). It used to be that tribal systems were dominant in Greece (Rabb, 1987). The period, which was known as â€Å"Age of Kings† had mini-monarchies in Greece (1987). However, by 1000 BC to 500 BC, people started to rethink about the government. By this time, the idea of popular government had started to crop up (1987). A popular government is defined as a government wherein people should not be under the control of others (1987). This popular government concept is the precursor of what is not democracy. Athens was the place where the Greeks first experience democracy (1987). As stated earlier, Athenian democracy practiced voting, although was limited to citizens and men only (1987). It was also during this time that Socrates, the great Greek philosopher, was sentenced to death (1987). When Alexander the Great of Macedonia conquered Greece, the popularity of democracy faded. During the Roman period, the Roman tribune was tasked to stand in for the people or the plebian (Johnston, 1987). The plebian comprised the lower class. It was the Romans who idealized that citizens should be equal before the law (1987). In 16th century, the growth of European trade proved to be a platform for democracy to expand (Johnston, 1987). Throughout Europe, the rising middle class started demanding for recognizing their rights (1987). In England, for instance, free enterprise capitalism developed (1987). In France, advocating on democracy was prohibited especially since the country had absolute monarchy as its type of government (Johnston, 1987). However, some French writers and philosophers started propagating the idea of democracy (1987). Voltaire wrote on the freedom of speech; Baron de Montesquieu drafted a model of a government structure wherein the executive, legislative, and judicial branches are of equal power; and Jean Jacques Rousseau advocated on an equal society (1987). These are just examples of ancient democratic practices. Another Ancient Greek political idea is the constitution. The great Greek philosopher Aristotle used the term constitution to pertain to government forms- either good or bad (Safra, 20002). According to Aristotle, monarchy and aristocracy are good constitution whereas tyranny, oligarchy and democracy are bad constitution (2002). A constitutional government has several elements-procedural stability, accountability, representation, division of power, openness and disclosure (Safra, 2002). Procedural stability means that basic laws of the government must not be changed randomly (Safra, 2002). The government must provide it citizens the laws so that its citizens would know the consequences (2002). Accountability pertains to the government’s responsibility to its citizens (Safra, 2002). It is executed through processes such as elections, fiscal accounting, and referendum (2002). Representation states that the people who have been elected should serve as representatives of their constituents (Safra, 2002). Elections ensure that citizens are well represented by those elected. Constitutionalism allows division of power [of legislature, executive, and judiciary] to ensure check and balance in the government (Safra, 2002). Since democracy sits in constitutionalism, there should exists openness and disclosure in the government. Citizens cannot participate in a constitutional government if they are not privy to the workings. It is therefore necessary to have openness and disclosure in the government, to have access to pertinent documents. Constitutional government has been practiced by several countries. Former colonies of Great Britain in Asia and the Caribbean such as India and Nigeria had adopted constitutional form of government (Safra, 2002). European countries such as France, Germany and Italy have likewise adopted this form of government. In France, for example, its previous government had been absolute monarchy. The constitution of the Third Republic was established in 1870 (Safra, 2002). It was followed for roughly 70 years until the German invasion (2002). In the constitution of the Fourth Republic, the average cabinet life became shorter because the government had to deal with the Algerian independence movement (2002). The constitution of the Fifth Republic provides power to the president to abolish the Parliament (2002). The U. S. constitution, on the other hand, copied most of its phrases from the British constitutional vocabulary (Safra, 2002). The English constitution was the effect of custom rather than a premeditated consultation. Parliament was the product of the Curia Regis or the King’s Council (2002). The US constitution was amended for its own use. The constitution states that the US government has three branches – executive, judicial and legislative. It was signed on September 17, 1787 (Constitution of the United States, 2000). The US constitution serves as the foundation of the US government. It is divided into three parts- the preamble, articles and amendments (2000).

Production Of Textile Fabrics Is The Purpose Business Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1670 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Business Essay Type Research paper Did you like this example? The company is types of Functional Departmentalization, which is potential efficiency gains by having people who work in the same areas operating together, better co-ordination of each function, decision authority is centralized at the top of the organization. Product departmentalization, all of the activities surrounding a product group can be coordinated and supported, allow specialization within product groupings. Divisional design structure is based on the product departmentalization approach, the organization is divided into separate divisions often based around a product or type of service. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Production Of Textile Fabrics Is The Purpose Business Essay" essay for you Create order Process departmentalization, jobs are grouped together on the basis of workflow, allows for efficient flow of process activities. Geographic departmentalisation are arranged based on the geographic area they exist in, can look after the unique needs of each geographic region more effectively and efficiently. 1.2 Mark (CEO) Chief Executive Officer, the most senior management is responsible for the day-to-day operation and management of an enterprise, also known as the Chief Executive Officer. Decision-making, all of the companys major operations of matters, including financial, operational direction, increase or decrease of business Participate in the decision-making of the Board of Directors, the implementation of the resolutions of the board of directors Presided over the companys day-to-day business activities; Foreign contracts or processing business The appointment and removal of the companys senior management; Business conditions six regularly report to the Board and to submit an annual report. The other responsibilities of the CEO can also establish, consolidate or change the corporate culture, team building, etc. Carl (Operations Manager) Planning, directing or coordinating the company or the activities of public and private sector operators. Responsibi lities include formulating policies, managing daily activities, to plan the use of material and human resources. Responsible for the day-to-day management of the small business owners or managers Quality Control Manager Process inspection: OQC Finished products inspection: IQC Feed examination: IQC Factory inspection: OQC Research and Development Manager Research and development program to develop new products, the demonstration project feasibility; Monitor the progress and quality of the management of research and development work; Study of new product development, according to the requirements of customers in different areas, to come up with effective solutions. 1.3 a) Mark has been assigned a goal of optimizing the production and improve the quality of the finished garments to the required level within six months. Has identified that the QC department is performing an excellent job with regards to identifying the quality issues during the production process. b) Management skills refers to the the managers exercise effective management functions required knowledge, skills, abilities and attitudes. Technical skills Human skills conceptual skills Management skills c) 1). Refers to the familiar and proficient in the knowledge of a particular area of ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¹ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¹expertise, such as engineering, computer science, finance, accounting or manufacturing. These skills are important for lower-level managers, because they deal directly with employees engaged in the work. 2). Managers to the staffs enthusiasm and confidence with good interpersonal skills, these skills are e ssential for all levels of managers. 3). The managers of the complex situation abstraction and conceptualization skills. Use of such skills, managers must be able to organization as a whole, to understand the relationship between the various parts, imagine how organizations adapt to it in which a wide range of environments. Especially for senior managers, this skill is very important. 4). Interrelated and mutually overlap. Skills is not simple, repetitive behavior, which exist in a complex system. Effective managers must rely on a variety of skills to the combination of specific results. 2.1 a) 1. Motivating others is linked to leadership -Leadership is a critical element of the motivation process 2. What managers understand about motivation- has a major impact upon their management practice. Trait Approach , in this approach, leadership is understood by identifying the personal characteristics of leaders.-Therefore leadership is determined by leaders own personal characteristics believed to be taken from birth. Hence, it is assumed that leaders are born but not made. Do not consider environment There cannot be generalization of traits for a successful leader. No evidence has been given about the degree of the carious traits need to be an effective leader There is a problem of measuring traits. There have been many people with the traits specified for leaders, but they were not good leaders. b) Identify and explain the leadership styles of Adam, the Knitting Manager, and James, the Dyeing Manager giving evidence from the case study to support yo ur comments. Adam the knitting manager Autocratic style -Leader makes decisions without reference to anyone else. -High degree of dependency on the leader -Can create de-motivation and alienation of staff -May be valuable in some types of business where decisions need to be made quickly and decisively James the dyeing manager Laissez-Faire style -The leadership responsibilities are shared by all -Can be very useful in businesses, where creative ideas are important -Can be highly motivational, as people have control over their working life. -Can make coordination and decision making time-consuming and lacking overall direction -Relies on good team work -Relies on good interpersonal relations c) The leadership theorists from another angle, a lot of leadership theory called charismatic /Tools. Three characteristics: charismatic leadership to provide vision, inspiration and action-oriented. Provides a vision: to create a blueprint for the future , or forward-looking statements that are recognized by the people and inspire peoples enthusiasm for the future state by creating vision, to strengthen peoples sense of responsibility, to provide a common goal, and to set successful way for people. Encouraging: in this leadership role is to provide power directly to the organizations employees and motivate them to action. Action-oriented: leaders help people to action from a psychological perspective, the challenge. Tools The first is to invest time to establish a structured leadership team, this team with the corporate strategic synergy, and at the same time to create a structure, this structure clearly express the organization needs what type of behavior. Systems involved in this process [1] to set goals, establish standards, define roles and responsibilities; instrumental leadership is characterized by control, which involves the creation of measurement, supervision, behavior and results assessment and management behavior the third factor is the consistent returns, and procedures; made ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¹ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¹to reward and punish behavior consistency requirements on employee behavior change. 2.2 a) The force that stimulates and energises an individual to willingly apply his or her skills and knowledge to towards achieving oragnisational goals which consequently meets personal goals. Motivation is -individual (intrinsic) -intentional: under the employees control -multi-faceted: what activates and energises it? -direction and choice of behavior Goals met to a high standard, Mark has identified, the operation department is much disorganized and that Carl, the General Manager Operation ,is firm and strict and finds it hard communicating at all levels. The production is usually held-up in the stitching section as stitching staff are either out of accessories or waiting for fabric through the dyeing and finishing sections. b) Advise Adam, the Knitting Manager, of four ways he might motivates his staff so they will remain with the company. Make sure you explain -what he must do and -How he might do it Adam can creating some activities to let the staf f join. Make sure they can have some rest after woke, it can be singing, watching movie. Theme Activities Act Through different theme activities, encourage their employees to learn and motivated to demonstrate self, resulting centripetal force cohesion Emotional investment law Emotional factors enthusiasm has a great influence on peoples work. The hotel can often take the feelings incentive: staff birthday celebrations (leading to congratulate, send birthday cake, birthday feast, dance, etc.), sick visits, assistance to needy families. Psychological counseling Hotel enterprises to adopt strict institutional management, management level is more distinct. Combined with some grass-roots management personnel management method is simple, brutal, over time, will inevitably undermine the enthusiasm of staff. Interest excitation method The interest is to promote employees to work the best power. Based on the staff personal interests as well as the work requires, hote l managers to help employees through the two-way choice to find interesting work, resulting in a lasting incentive effects. 2.3 1. Assess ability and training needs 1 response assessment: Response assessment questionnaires optimization problems. For example, how to deal with the problem in registered or bearer? How to deal with the problems of the lecturer Fudge students? How to solve the problem of non-trainees to participate in training and assessment results look good? And so on. 2. Learning assessment: Single assessment method, just use the test questions. Results unconvincing, I do not know how to use what indicators and charts to analyze the data 3. Behavioral assessment: The method is a single, complex, and only use the action plan, or a 360-degree questionnaire, and each class using the same method, and made the sector very tired, very exclusive. 4. Rating: Do not know what kind of class to evaluate results, under what conditions can the results of assessment. b) Know how to behave High moral character is vital to success. It will be a man, and others like you, are willing to cooperate with you, make it easier to succeed Passion Enthusiasm sometimes more important than the leader to both even more perfect. Produce lasting enthusiasm one way is to set a goal, work hard to achieve this goal, and the goal is reached, and then set the next target, again strive to achieve, to do so can provide the excitement and challenge maintain enthusiasm in fall. Lifelong learning Scale leader constantly learning will enterprises better measure of corporate success is the ability to innovate, and innovation comes from learning, not learning reading would be no new ideas, there would be no new strategy and the right decisions. Leadership, decision-making ability to learn. Effective communication Effective communication between the leader and the led, is the essence of the art of management. Win recruits Dream no matter how great bus iness leaders, Without the recognition and support of the supporters, the dream is just a dream. If you say that leaders need to have a special talent, and that is the ability to feel the purpose of others.

Essay on Color - 1378 Words

nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Color is sensed when white light bounces off an object and is reflected into the eye. Objects appear different colors depending on what colors were absorbed and which were reflected. Color is quot;seenquot; by the rods and cones in the eye. Cones detect color and rods detect black, white, and shades of gray. People who cannot see colors properly are colorblind. There are many different kinds of colors and they are classified in many different ways (The World Book Encyclopedia p 818, 819). nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The eye consists of many parts. The part of the eye you can see when you look at someone consists of four parts. The colored part of the eye where the light†¦show more content†¦172). nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Color perception varies from place to place. Some cultures have only a few colors that are distinguished from one another. Some cultures do not separate green from blue and yellow from orange. Other cultures have more specific names for things that are important to them. Eskimos have seventeen words for white because of all the snow. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;What cultures think about colors also varies. In America, the color black is usually perceived to be bad. Other cultures have white meaning bad. Sometimes, colors are perceived differently by what they are associated with. Things like apples are usually red, bananas are usually yellow, and oranges are orange. If these colors were slightly off color a person probably would not notice because they know what that color should be. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Say there was a banana, and it was more yellow-green than yellow. Most people would not think anything of it. If there was an area of yellow-green color on a piece of paper and a person was to identify it, they would most likely notice that it was not yellow. Color can show things about people. People with similar personalities tend look at colors in a similar way. Psychologists also use color as a form of therapy. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Colors considered to be warmShow MoreRelatedColor Of Color And Color Essay2168 Words   |  9 Pages Color chart- a brief explanation You must have heard of color charts by now! Today, most companies are making use of charts to represent different objects. Color is subjective, and each color represents different ideas. Basically, it is found that there are different shapes of a single color which are referred to with different names. With the help of a chart it is possible to describe the color of bromeliad parts. Now, there is no need of referring to a color as red or yellow, instead, you haveRead MoreThe Color White Is A Color Essay1659 Words   |  7 PagesThe color white is a great color to use when decorating the interior of the home. It brings a feel of cleanliness to just about any room. 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It is because Mark Zuckerberg, the CEO of Facebook is red-green color blind; blue is the color Mark can see the best. Do not believe it? Not highly scientific, right? That may not be the case for Facebook. In our daily life, colors actually affect our purchasing decisions. After all, sight is the strongest developed sense in most human beings. How do colorsRead MoreEssay on Color Psychology886 Words   |  4 PagesColor Psychology Like death and taxes, there is no escaping color. It is ubiquitous. Yet what does it all mean? Why are people more relaxed in green rooms? Why do weightlifters do their best in blue gyms? It is a well-known fact that color influences mood and feeling in common experience, however, the field of color psychology is still not well understood. 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Maybe color is used in the association of simply shadow work, used only in technical terms to create value and the curvature of a three dimensional illusion? Or maybe the use of color in artwork appears as simple as how one learned the use in childhood, gender identification: blue means male and pink means female. True, artists select colors to produce

Runaway Slave Advertisements Essay - 1115 Words

Slavery and indentured servitude was the backbone of the Virginia economy. Slaves were considered an investment in the planter’s business and a necessity for success. The treatment of slaves was much the same as owning a piece of property or equipment. Slaves were not viewed as fellow human beings, quite the opposite they were of lesser status. Slaves and indentured servants grew tired of their treatment and responded with acts of rebellion. One such act was for the slaves and servants to run away. Indentured servants and slaves both made the incredibly brave decision to risk fleeing and capture in the hope of finding a free and better life, as opposed to continue living in their oppressed conditions. Runaway slave advertisements became†¦show more content†¦The descriptions continue with physical accounts such as, a man of â€Å"a middle stature†, â€Å"a small, thin visage fellow†, and â€Å"low stature†. There seemed to be a difference in the wa y the men and women runaways were described. The women’s descriptions had a sexual overtone to them with examples like, â€Å"well featur’d† and â€Å"well set†. These terms were obviously describing the women’s breasts. The descriptions of both indentured servants and slaves also include the complexion of their skin, â€Å"a pale complexion†, â€Å"of a yellowish hue†, â€Å"pretty black†, and â€Å"smooth-faced complexion†. Any scars or other characteristics that can visibly seen, such as â€Å"much Pock-fretten†, â€Å"Lips are remarkably red†, â€Å"has a wide-mouth†, â€Å"scar on top of his head†, and â€Å"limps with her right leg† are among a few given. These physical limitations were not given out of concern for the runaways health, merely to offer visible clues that could lead to their capture. Several of the slave advertisements also mention if they speak English or not. Give n the fact that slaves were brought in from other countries and sold, they often did not speak English. If the slave in the advertisement did not speak English, the language barrier could be another clue to look for. The advertisements of the slaves also include their age in estimation, â€Å"about 30 years of age† and â€Å"upwards of 30 years old†. This is dueShow MoreRelatedThe Cruelty Of Slave By Jared Eliot928 Words   |  4 PagesWalker The cruelty of slave With many resources and reasons, African slave experience numerous of punishment during their time period of slavery. As they crossed from Africa towards the West Indies their encounters experience of starvation, mistreated, beaten, sexual harassment and torments from Europeans slave’s dealers, owners, master and their own kind. Breaking the law or even working slow was a punishments. Especially for runaways slaves. 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Plantation owners from all over found their use in owning slaves, and were even shown taking advantage of the practice. By having ownership of slaves, it often contributed in farming production on plantations and also became useful when it came to voting. UnfortunatelyRead MoreThe Relationship Between Pimps And Prostitutes1148 Words   |  5 Pagesrelationship is master and slave as in human trafficking. Pimp is person that force young child into sex for money with brutal force, against the woman will. Prostitutes is a person that does sexual favors for another person for money or another trade. Pimp are actually people that uses human trafficking. Human trafficking is when a pimp make and prostitutes have sex for his or her gain not the prostitute. The pimp will go to bus stop or train stop to spot a runaway that is vulnerable. Pimp likeRead MoreHuman Trafficking And Its Effects On Society1156 Words   |  5 Pagesrelationship is master and slave as in human trafficking. The pimp is a person that forces young child into sex for money with brutal force, against the woman will. Prostitutes are a person that does sexual favors for another person for money or another trade. Pimp are actually people that use human trafficking. Human trafficking is when a pimp makes and prostitutes have sex for his or her gain not the prostitute. The pimp will go to the bus stop or train stop to spot a runaway that is vulnerable. PimpRead MoreHarriet Tubman And The Underground Railroad1416 Words   |  6 Pagesslavery. Harriet was a strong and courageous woman and a well-known conductor of the Underground Railroads, around the 1850s. Harriet Tubman personal experiences throughout her life have shaped her to become the stout-hearted woman who helped many slaves escape to freedom, by using the Underground Railroad—a network of secret routes. As described in the novel â€Å"In their own words: Harriet Tubman,† Sullivan introduces varies hard-ships that Harriet had to endure during her childhood and adolescenceRead MoreChanges Of American Society Involving Race Relations941 Words   |  4 Pageshave, for most of their history, been very rocky. Major changes came about, with the American Revolution and new technology like the cotton gin revolutionising the American economy. A large part of the American South’s economy though was built on slave labour, particularly going into the mid-19th century. Ideas of slavery and race changed over this period as new ideas and changes to society came about. In this essay, I will be discussing changes in American society involving race relations, focusingRead MoreWhite Men s Exploitation Of Black Women s Sexuality1667 Words   |  7 Pagesassumption by the slave south held black women captive by the patriarchal society of plantations. This gave white males grounds for sex ual activity with their enslaved women. Through a slave women’s â€Å"lustfulness,† the antebellum period, (the years prior to the Civil War and between the 1830’s and 1860’s), saw an influx of bi-racial and multi-racial slave offspring as an effect of the Fancy Trade and slave breeding practices. After the United States banned the importation of slaves, the domestic institutionRead More The Black Community Essay1212 Words   |  5 Pages1619 a Dutch ship brought 20 slaves to America and it took nearly 240 years for slavery to end in 1865(Ronald, , para. 3).These helpless slaves were taken to America and put to work growing anything from cotton to tobacco. Slaves had absolutely no rights. They were simply property of their â€Å"Massa’.† Being disrespectful to a white man could get a Negro killed and they just accepted the facts of the matter. The south was the most notorious in its treatment of slaves and slaves would run away. It was aRe ad MoreHuman Trafficking : The United States1250 Words   |  5 Pagesthey would take them against their will and use them for human sacrifices and forced labor. According to Eden Rutgers, human trafficking became widely known when the European slave trading started, which was in the 1400s. The more colonized the world became the more of a demand there was for slavery. After the African slave trade, there was another wave of trafficking that came to be known as white slavery. According to Hankering for History the formal definition of white slavery is â€Å"procurement—by

PHILASTER Essay Example For Students

PHILASTER Essay A monologue from the play by Beaumont and Fletcher NOTE: This monologue is reprinted from Philaster, or Love Lies A-Bleeding. Francis Beaumont John Fletcher. London: J.M. Dent, 1878. KING: To give a stronger testimony of loveThan sickly promises (which commonlyIn princes find both birth and burialIn one breath), we have drawn you, worthy sir,To make your fair endearments to our daughter,And worthy services known to our subjects,Now loved and wondered at; next, our intentTo plant you deeply our immediate heirBoth to our blood and kingdoms. For this lady(The best part of your life, as you confirm me,And I believe), though her few years and sexYet teach her nothing but her fears and blushes,Desires without desire, discourse and knowledgeOnly of what herself is to herself,Make her feel moderate health; and, when she sleeps,In making no ill day, knows no ill dreams.Think not, dear sir, these undivided partsThat must mold up a virgin, are put onTo show her so, as borrowed ornamentsTo talk of her perfect love to you, or addAn artificial shadow to her nature.No, sir; I boldly dare proclaim her yetNo woman. But woo her still, and think her modestyA sweeter mistress than t he offered languageOf any dame, were she a queen, whose eyeSpeaks common loves and comforts to her servants.Last, noble son (for so I now must call you),What I have done thus public is not onlyTo add comfort in particularTo you or me, but all, and to confirmThe nobles and the gentry of these kingdomsBy oath to your succession, which shall beWithin this month at most.

Toolkits Used in Cybercrime

Mobile Devices Many organizations can access high-tech mobile devices today. This has improved the way they use internet in their operations. However, this has increased their vulnerability to internet crime. Mobile technology has enabled many organizations to carry out their activities via the devices.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Toolkits Used in Cybercrime specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The mobile content in many cases has led to loss of privacy and integrity for many organizations. In addition, organizations’ data and important information have leaked to the public. In order to be safe from these threats, the organizations should avoid installing new applications to their phones without verifying their legitimacy. Many of these applications in the market are designed by scammers with intention of corrupting the highly secured phones. Moreover, the organizations should use mobile phones that are se cured. iPhones are among the recommended mobile phones. This is because the risk can be mitigated. Toolkits and Why They Should Concern Organizations Toolkit is a means or channel through which cybercrime is committed. Cybercriminals use toolkits in different scenarios including malware attacks. In this case they infect search engines. Toolkits also help the cybercriminals by automating the processes such as web page creation. Examples of toolkits include XRumer, ZeuS and uMaxSoft Doorway Generator. Toolkit should be of concern to organizations because they can be used to produce keywords for sites. This poses a risk to the organizations whose data can be found on their sites. Toolkits are also used to spread spam. For example it has been used to spread it through twitter. Organizations should protect themselves by using the latest updates on their software. Avoiding providing information without verifying the source of request is another way to protect an organization from scams. I n addition the organizations should be on the look out to avoid responding to insecure emails, installing corrupted software and other malicious activities. Recently Reported Phishing Trends Type of phishing percentage Web attacks 93% Mobile devices 90% Credit cards 89% software 87% Figure 1:Advertising Looking for essay on criminology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Phishing scams continue to take different dimensions. Web attacks increased in the year 2010 and 2011. Mobile phishing is also increasing with advancement in technology. Loss of finances through credit card has also been reported. This is because people are tricked into providing personal information that lead to loss of their money. Recognizing Phishing Scams In phishing email the greeting line is generic while in legitimate email, it is personalized. Tone can also be used. That is, they ask you to follow their instructions urgently failure to whi ch you will be responsible for the consequences thereafter. Always check the links and the URL’s. Their links and URL use tricks such as â€Å"@† symbol near the end of the address. The preceding character which is mostly ignored by the recipient give their actual address. Unlike legitimate mails, phishing emails may resemble websites. Phishing style of writing is not always formal. It includes spelling mistakes and poor grammar. This is to avoid spam filters. Regular use of pop-up boxes which is not common with legitimate companies is another way of recognizing phishing scams. You can also recognize a phishing scam if a company is claiming that you have an account with them and in the real sense you don’t have. Thing to Do When Victimized By a Phishing Scam Report the crime once you suspect that another person is using your identity without your consent. The law enforcement agency will investigate the issue. In case the phishing scam concerns financial accoun t, communicate with the financial institution as soon as possible. This will enable them to block any transaction hence protecting your money. Keep every record of transaction or information exchanged between you and the people phishing. This can be used as evidence and can also help trace them. To avoid the occurrence of the same, one can change passwords or block the account and reopen new one. This essay on Toolkits Used in Cybercrime was written and submitted by user Ka1lyn to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.